Biology

This course examines basic biology relevant to human environmental problems, emphasizing human impact on Canadian ecosystems. After explaining basic principles of ecology, the course looks at pollution in Canada and human population, food and fibre supply, urbanization, and non-renewable resources as biological problems. (lec 2, tut 1) cr 6. For BSc Biology programs, this course may be taken as an elective but cannot be used as a Biology credit towards a Biology concentration, major or specialization.

This is an introductory course that addresses selected topics in biology as applied to prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Cell biology, genetics, respiration, photosynthesis, evolution and ecology are discussed. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course is a study of higher plants and animals with special emphasis on structure and function. Botanical topics include plant anatomy, reproduction, water relations, mineral nutrition, and control of growth and development. The zoological component includes the anatomy and physiology of animal tissues, organs and systems, and their functional integration. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course describes basic human anatomy and physiology at the cellular, tissue, organ and system levels of organization. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 6. Available only through Continuing Education and as an elective to students in B.Sc. Biology programs. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 1700 and either BIOL 2105 or BIOL 2701 or PHED 1506/7.

This course introduces Mendelian inheritance, chromosomes, and the chemical basis of heredity, linkage, and crossing over. Topics include variations in chromosome structure and number, mutation, the structure and function of genes, and the use of statistics in the genetic analysis of quantitative characters. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 2007 and either BIOL 2011 or BIOL 3017.

This course deals with the replication, modification, transmission and function of the genetic information in living organisms. PREREQ: BIOL 1506, grade 12 U-level chemistry or CHMI 1030 or 1041. cr 3. This course is offered only through Continuing Education. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 2011 and either BIOL 2007 or BIOL 3017. This course should not be taken by B.Sc. Biology students.

This course is an introduction to the field of microbiology, with emphasis on the bacteria. Topics include classificatiion, morphology and structure, and physiology and growth of microorganisms. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507 or grade 12U level Biology for non-Science students. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for BIOL 2026 and either BIOL 2110, BIOL 2111 or BIOL 3025.

This course describes human anatomy and physiology at the cellular, tissue, organ and system levels of organization. It concentrates on the clinical applications of anatomy and physiology. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 6. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 2105 and any of BIOL 1700, BIOL 2107, BIOL 2701, PHED 1506/7.

This course consists of an introduction to microorganisms, the principles of medical microbiology, basic immunology, and a survey of infectious diseases that emphasizes causative agent, symptoms, chemotherapy, and prevention. cr 6. This course is only available through Continuing Education. Exceptionally, students in the BSc Biology programs may take this course for credit if they have received prior permission from the Department. Students may not retain credit for BIOL 2026 and either BIOL 2110, BIOL 2111 or BIOL 3025.

This course introduces molecular, structural and functional organization in both prokaryotic and eucaryotic cells. Topics include chemical composition of cells, plasma membrane, cell surface, cytoplasmic membranes, mitochondria and respiration, chloroplasts and photosynthesis, cytoskeleton, nucleus, cell division, DNA replication, and protein synthesis. PREREQ: BIOL 1506. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course examines photosynthetic organisms based on their evolutionary relations, life history, morphology, ecology, and importance in the biosphere. Groups covered include cyanobacteria, major algal groups, bryophytes, ferns and allies, gymnosperms, and angiosperms, with emphasis on representatives in Northern Ontario. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab/exp 3) cr 3.

This course is a study of the ecosystem concept; biogeo-chemical cycles; ecological energetics; and the organization and dynamics of biotic communities. It examines the ecology and humans; the food chain, demography, and epidemiology. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course is a study of the principles and mechanisms underlying the functional activity of cells, tissues and organs in humans. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Available only through Continuing Education. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 2701 and either BIOL 1700, BIOL 2105 or PHED 1507. Note: This course cannot be taken for credit by B.Sc. Biology or Nursing students.

This course is a comparative examination of the important features of the structure and functioning of the chordates with emphasis on the vertebrates and their evolutionary relationships. Course includes laboratory study of the anatomy of selected vertebrates. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 2706 and BIOL 2705.

This course introduces the rich variety of animals that exist or have existed on Earth. The evolution of animal phyla is examined from the earliest single-celled organisms to complex multicellular animals. Emphasis is placed on the most species-rich phyla. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course deals with the interaction of brain and gonadal hormones in reproductive physiology and behaviour. The biology of sexual response and problems are discussed. PREREQ: BIOL 1700 or 1506/7 or permission of the instructor. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course covers the basics of microbial cell structure and function, antimicrobial therapy and drug resistance, the immune system, antibodies, and diagnostic microbiology. The course also examines the involvement of microbes in emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases as well as nosocomial and sexually transmitted infections. PREQUISITES: BIOL 1506, or 12U Biology, or permission of the instructor. Not available to students in the Biology program. May not be combined with BIOL 2026 for credit. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

An understanding of evolution is fundamental to all aspects of biology. This course will introduce the theory and concepts of evolutionary biology, emphasizing both macro and microevolution. Topics will include the history of evolutionary thought, species concepts and speciation, adaptation, and the roles of natural selection, mutation, and genetic drift in evolutionary change. Evolutionary concepts will also be applied to behavioural ecology, sexual selection and life-history theory. During the weekly seminar, empirical examples from the literature will be outlined and critiqued. Evaluation will be through two exams, a major research essay, and the weekly seminar where bi-weekly critiques and participation will be graded. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/7. (lec 3, sem 3) cr 3.

This course introduces the basic and applied concepts of environmental microbiology. Topics include microbial metabolism, physiology, applied microbial genetics and industrial biology. PREREQ: BIOL 2026. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 3026 and BIOL 3025.

This course focuses on the interactions between the mineral industry and living world. Topics include: fundamentals of biogeochemical prospecting; use of microbes in mineral extraction; effects of environmental contamination on ecosystems; waste disposal; rehabilitation of damaged ecosystems; environmental impact assessment; methods and interpretation. PREREQ: BIOL 1000 or 1506/7 plus BIOL 2356 (may be taken concurrently). (lec 3, exp) cr 3.

This course is a comprehensive study of the interrelationship amongst plants, animals and their environment during winter. It examines the significance of energy exchange, light spectra, photoperiod and the reciprocal relationships that exist between water, ice and snow and biotic community structure and composition. Other topics include anatomical and physiological adaptations, nutrient sources and predator-prey interactions. Techniques are emphasized and tested experimentally under field conditions. PREREQ: Instructor's permission. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course explores the concepts and methods of taxonomy and their application to the practical identification and naming of vascular plants, with emphasis on selected angiosperm families. Students are asked to contact the instructor in the spring or summer before the course is given to get instructions for preparing a herbarium. PREREQ: BIOL 2306. (lec 3, lab/exp 3) cr 3.

This course deals with structure and function of plants at the cell and organism level, including photosynthesis, respiration, long-distance transport of assimilates, water relations, energy budget, mineral nutrition and life cycles. The emphasis lies on genetic and phenotypic variation of the discussed traits and processes as mechanisms of acclimation and adaptation to different environmental conditions. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/7. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 3317 and BIOL 2317.

This course examines the nature of scientific inquiry; biological philosophy and classic biological experiments; the modern research problem; experimental design and analysis; interpretation of results; and presentation of results for publication. It involves searches in scientific journals and abstracts. Students must have knowledge of basic statistical methods. PREREQ: STAT 2126 or STAT 2246 or equivalent. (lec 3, lab/tut/sem 1) cr 3.

The course is a study of the plant species in the environmental complex; population dynamics and resource allocation; species interactions; plant community concepts and attributes; sampling and describing plant communities; community dynamics; selected aspects of plant-environment interaction; and selected vegetation types of North America. PREREQ: BIOL 2356 and BIOL 3306 (may be taken concurrently). (lec 3, lab/exp 3) cr 3.

This course examines the importance of plants and their products to the health of humankind. Special attention is given to plant substances of pharmacological interest, including medicinal drugs derived from roots, bark, leaves and flowers. The importance of plants as agents of illness and disease (including allergies and favism) will also be discussed. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, exp/sem 3) cr 3.

This course emphasizes the interdisciplinary and holistic nature of the science of restoration ecology. Different philosophies of restoration, reclamation and rehabilitation are discussed. Structural and functional attributes of the disturbed ecosystem and its restoration are considered and placed in context. The factors potentially limiting the natural recovery of disturbed land and waters and their interactions are enumerated and analyzed. The use of abiotic and biotic approaches to overcoming limiting factors are evaluated, including the potential use of biotechnology. PREREQ: BIOL 2356. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course is a study of morphology, life histories and taxonomy of a range of fungi. Techniques used for isolation and culture are studied. It considers the physiology and biology of fungi. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course examines soil-forming factors and the pedogenic process. It explores the physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils as well as soil classification. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Note: a knowledge of basic chemistry is required. Cross-listed with GEOL 3397. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 3397 and GEOL 3397.

This course introduces the study of insects. It examines the fundamentals of insect morphology, taxonomy, physiology and ecology, including insect life histories and behaviour. The success and adaptability of insects in different environments is explored, with special attention to the University campus and Northeastern Ontario. PREREQ: BIOL 2726. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

The focus of this course is the histology of humans and other mammals. The morphology of the four tissue types will be examined at multiple scales ranging from the molecular to whole organ levels.An introduction to histotechniques will be included. PREREQ: BIOL 2105, BIOL 2706 or permission of instructor. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course examines the relationships between animals and their environment, focusing on biotic and abiotic environmental factors such as inter- and intra-species relationships, population phenomena and regulation of animal numbers. The course covers zoogeography and ecological distribution of animals. PREREQ: BIOL 2356. (lec 3, lab/exp 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 3746 and BIOL 4706.

This course examines the physiology of the major organ systems of the vertebrate body. Emphasis is placed on the principles and mechanisms underlying the maintenance of internal homeostasis. PREREQ: BIOL 2105 or BIOL 2706 or equivalent. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course examines the life histories and ecology of insect pests of agriculture, forestry, stored products, domestic animals and humans. It also explores insect problems in homes and gardens. Emphasis is placed on recognition of major Canadian insect pests, and their control with insecticides and by means of biological control. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course includes a survey of the forest regions of Canada; principles of forest ecology; role of insects in forest ecosystems; survey of major pests of Canadian forests and their chemical and biological control; and the fate of insecticides in forest ecosystems. PREREQ: either BIOL 1000, 2356, 3706 or permission of department. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

Concepts of biodiversity are introduced at genetic, organismal and ecosystem levels. The conservation of threatened species and ecosystems is then explored in human-dominated landscapes. Special attention is given to the history and geography of biodiversity, to the biology of rarity and to the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function. Topics considered in conservation biology include conservation ethics, threats to biodiversity, strategies to conserve ecosystems and species, and socio-economic aspects of conservation. COREQ: BIOL 2356. (lec 3,lab/sem 3) cr 3.

This course explores the dynamic relationships between different groups of Indigenous peoples and their environments. It discusses how variations in natural resource use and management have resulted in different ecological impacts, e.g. changes in biodiversity and habitats, and also scientific developments and technological innovations. Sustainability, environmental manipulation, and the important contribution of traditional knowledges to the global knowledge base are also emphasized. (3 credits, Lec.) Prerequisites: BIOL 2356 or BIOL 3306 or BIOL 2306. 3 cr. (3 Lec, 2.5 Lab)

This course explores the principles of medical microbiology. Topics include resistance and immunity, and infectious diseases of the genitourinary tract, respiratory tract, digestive tract and skin. Causative agents, symptomology, chemotherapy, and the possibilities of immunization are addressed. PREREQ: BIOL 2026 or equivalent. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 3117 and BIOL 2110.

This course is designed for students enrolled in a science program to gain practical experience in their field of study. The placement must be approved by the course instructor. (exp 3) 3cr. PREREQ: Having completed at least 60 cr of a Bachelor of Science degree. Students cannot use their NATS 4005 lab experience to satisfy the requirements for NATS 3206.

This course is an approved two-week internship with a company or agency involved in conservation or restoration activities. The student is required to submit a report describing the nature of the work undertaken during the internship. The grade is based upon the student's report and the company/agency's evaluation. (exp 2 weeks) cr 3. Available only to students of the Restoration Biology Option.

This week-long course, which is offered off-campus in late August, provides an opportunity to conduct ecological research projects in groups. A report based on the data obtained during the camp shall be submitted during the fall term. PREREQ: BIOL 2306, BIOL 2356 and BIOL 2726. (exp 1 week) cr 3.

This course consists of a major study of the literature on a specific biological topic, under the supervision of one or more faculty members. The subject of the study is chosen in consultation with the coordinator and supervisor(s). The results of the study are presented as a major essay in the form of a review paper. (exp 6) cr 3. Available only to 4th-year students of the specialized program. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 4017 and BIOL 4035.

This course gives students experience in planning, executing and reporting upon a biological research project and is especially appropriate for students planning further studies or a career as a research scientist. The research topic is chosen in consultation with a faculty member, who must agree to supervise the student's research (consultation preferably occurs in the spring/summer of the calendar year in which the research is to begin). The student presents both a seminar and a thesis based on the research. It also includes instruction on selected topics in science, with particular reference to methodology in research, the preparation of reports, theses and papers for publication, and the preparation and presentation of seminars. PREREQ: BIOL 3327 and a minimum 75% average in all BIOL courses. cr 6. Available only to 4th-year students of the specialized program. Students may not retain credit for both BIOL 4035 and BIOL 4017.

This course examines the major interactions among the physical, chemical and biological components of freshwater ecosystems. The limnological consequences of a variety of human activities are assessed. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507 and BIOL 2356. (lec 3, lab/exp 3) cr 3.

Principles of study design and data analysis are applied to research in ecology and environmental sciences, with a focus on field studies. A range of analytical tools are considered for both univariate and multivariate ecological data, including ANOVA, regression, MANOVA, and ordination and cluster analysis. Parametric methods are contrasted to Monte Carlo and Bayesian approaches. Laboratories apply concepts using statistical software. PREREQ: BIOL 2356 and BIOL 3327, or instructor's permission. (lec 3, lab/tut 1) cr 3.

This course focuses on biogeochemical cycles. It explores how the flow of energy and materials through organisms and the physical environment dynamically shapes the form and functioning of the environment. Key emphasis is on biosphere feedbacks to major human-induced environmental changes such as global climate change, pollution, agriculture, mining, and forestry. PREREQ: BIOL 2356. (lec 3, lab/sem 3) cr 3

Students must register in this course to participate in their first of potentially two courses within the Ontario University Program in Field Biology (OUPFB). The courses run for a minimum of 2 weeks in duration at the field location and are offered by any one of 14 Ontario universities participating in the OUPFB program. OUPFB courses usually involve major assignments or reports both before and after the field studies. Students must meet the prerequisite requirements of the specific course at the host university. OUPFB students are expected to be entering their 3rd or 4th year of an Environmental Science or Biology Honours program (e.g. Ecology, Zoology, Botany) and have completed introductory courses in ecology and statistics. Field Camp (exp) cr 3.

Acquisition, allocation and turnover of carbon and mineral nutrients by plants are described, as well as interspecific variation and phenotypic plasticity, the underlying physiological causes and tradeoffs, and the ecological consequences. Interactions with other organisms, e.g. mycorhizal symbiosis and herbivory, are discussed. PREREQ: BIOL 3317. (lec 3, lab/tut 3) cr 3.

This course covers the history and foundation of plant geography. The role of environmental factors, physiology of the individual, population genetics, migration, and geographic areas are examined. The course includes a description of major vegetation zones. (lec 3, lab/tut 3) cr 3.

This course examines the biodiversity of fungi with emphasis on pathogenic species. Topics include types of mycoses, symptoms and mode of infection in humans, and prognosis and treatment of fungal-related illnesses. It also examines the fungal mode of nutrition and metabolism, and the physiology of mycotoxin production. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/1507. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course reviews the soil characteristics that provide a living environment for organisms and provides a comprehensive overview of the organism diversity inhabiting soils. Roles of both soil meso- and micro-fauna and flora in soil development and nutrient cycling will be discussed. The topics cover organism activities and their role as beneficial as well as harmful organisms, and the effects of those activities on ecosystem function. The effect of cultural practices on microbes and the use of microorganisms in bioremediation of contaminated soil and groundwater will also be included. PREREQ: BIOL 1506/7, BIOL 2356, CHMI 1006/07. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course examines the structure, reproduction, classification, identification, ecology, and physiology of mosses, hornworts, liverworts, and lichens. The use of these groups as biomonitors is assessed. Emphasis is placed on Canadian species through field trips and herbaria. PREREQ: BIOL 2306. (lec/lab/exp 6) cr 3.

This course examines the biology, hydrology, geochemistry and ecology of temperate wetlands, especially peatlands. It emphasizes plant adaptations to the flooded environment and considers evolution of peatlands and paleostratigraphy including pollen analysis. Wetland monitoring and assessment, and the effects of climate changes on global carbon budgets are discussed. The uses, management and conservation practices for wetlands are analyzed, and techniques for forming new wetlands are evaluated. PREREQ: BIOL 2356 (BIOL 3336 is recommended). (lec 3, lab/exp/sem 3) cr 3.

This course addresses contemporary threats to the environment, from the loss of biodiversity to the depletion of oil resources. Topics covered will vary from year to year depending on the identification of new issues and student interests. PREREQ: BIOL 2356. (lec 3) cr 3.

This course is an introduction to the study of animal behaviour with emphasis on the ethological approach. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3. This course fulfills a requirement for an elective in a psychology concentration, major, or specialization.

This course examines the developmental biology of vertebrates using amphibians, fish, birds, and mammals as models. Emphasis is placed on fertilization, blastulation, gastrulation, neurulation, and subsequent development. PREREQ: BIOL 2105 or BIOL 2706. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course examines the classification, evolution, anatomy, physiology, ecology, zoogeography, natural history, and conservation of amphibians and reptiles. Emphasis is placed on the usefulness of amphibians and reptiles in demonstrating basic biological principles as well as the need for conservation and management. PREREQ: BIOL 2726. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course examines representative freshwater organisms, primarily those occurring in Canada, from an ecological perspective. Sampling techniques and methods of community analysis are assessed. PREREQ: BIOL 2356 and BIOL 2726. (lec 3, lab/exp 3) cr 3.

This course is an introduction to the basic management and research techniques employed in wildlife management including handling of animals, nutrition, reconnaissance mapping, habitat analysis, population estimation and environmental assessment. PREREQ: BIOL 2356. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

This course is a study of the ecophysiological aspects of animal life and the principles of adaptation. It includes an examination of the physiological responses of vertebrates to such environmental factors as temperature, light, drought, humidity, salinity, atmospheric pressure, oxygen levels, etc. and explores those strategies which allow vertebrates to adapt to rigorous climatic conditions and selected environmental habitats. PREREQ: BIOL 3756 or equivalent. (lec 3, lab 3) cr 3.

Ce cours discute des techniques et des théories avancées de génétique moléculaire, de cytogénétique, de l'évolution et de la génétique des populations chez différents organismes. Préalable : BIOL 2007. (3 h) 3 cr.

This course involves the study of environmental factors affecting fish populations and examines the management options and techniques for rehabilitation. Emphasis is placed on findings from current research programs and on computer-based methods of data management, synthesis and interpretation. PREREQ: BIOL 3327, BIOL 4756 or BIOL 4056. (lec/tut/sem 6) cr 3.

Students must register in this course if they wish to take a second two week OUPFB course at any one of the 14 participating universities. OUPFB students are expected to be entering their 3rd or 4th year of an Environmental Science or Biology Honours program (e.g. Ecology, Zoology, Botany) and have completed introductory courses in ecology and statistics. Field Camp (exp) cr 3.